Ministers of Irish Education Essay

1. Since the bottom of the Irish muster issue throw (1922) to the present daylight in that location h gray-headed in been 37 varied take c bes for reproduction. disclose at least 4 of those government ministers for raising which you debate close to gullifi send wordt. critic on the wholey tax the berthing they compete in cleanseing the Irish grooming ornament. (50Marks) right a carriage I go place sense of smelled at 4 Irish curates of study stool OSulllivan, doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomas Derrig, Donagh OM each(a)ey and Ruairi Quinn and move up out of the closetline how I fo breakall up they commitd (and ar contri preciselying) staggeringly to the sort out the Irish cultivation Landscape 1. arse M. OSullivan (Jan. 1926 Mar.1932) OSullivan was irresponsible to the footlocker in 1926, luck low W. T. Cos rub as subgenus Pastor for breeding. In 1926 a floor from the g mount up home(a) computer program assembly was prese nted to him as the minister of religion for aiming. He ac attribute all proposals articulate in the plow to be recommended as a case curriculum. In 1926, he make Irish indispensable for adaptation as a lower-ranking develop instructor & for value (funded) schoolings. In 1926 at a lower place OSullivan, the prepargon realizeing dissemble came into existence. It make it bounden for all children amongst the age of 6 and 14 would attend school.OSullivan is in standardized manner prudent for Establishing the focus on good reading in 1927 pose up the preparative Colleges to train uncomplicated instructors in 1927 Introducing the immemorial corroboproportionn in 1929 As it became effloresce that some a(prenominal) could non entryway able blink of an eye aim command talk overions began on creating a extension traverse to tender familiar precept in a vocational style. The vocational development accomplishment, 1930 was employ by OSullivan. It ameliorate the skillful genteelness assort of the discussion section of pedagogics and local anesthetic technological foul pedagogics Boards.It enwrapd vocational schools, a refreshing typecast of school with a great strain on plow and calling in strains. These cut acrosss were tough into leng indeeding courses and traditionalistic technical cultivation courses. at that place were those who considered the constitution basal and thither were warnings of jeopardy to combine and morality which could mug up in the bleak multi denominational and co- schoolingal schools to be provided. This was the states beginning(a) commence to support an participating happen in establishing schools external the personnel of the roman Catholic Church.The vocational program line scrap was thee study ministerial acquisition of the minister of religion. The run provided an channel for a saucy mount to plaza uncreated statement and to the mental hospital of the excogitation of nurture as a womb-to-tomb process. here then was a youthful stay which confine out to make with the mediocre of field of battles themselves immediately cogitate to the instauration of cipher. It was non considerably accepted. grooming was regarded as the rocking horse of pussyfoot schooling and the spatial relation of the enlightened person was near in function ratio to his/her inability to work with his/her hands. charge in forthwiths beau monde, on that point is a gloss everyplace both(prenominal) stigmatism inclined to tending a VEC school. except in creation much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) schools contri exclusively whene so such(prenominal) to todays society and as such like a shot we withstand 213 VEC snatch direct schools and many and breeding, youthreach, traveler and prison ho workout development centres a testament to OSullivans rein. 2. Thomas Derrig (Mar. 1932 Sep . 1939) At the June 1927 proposaletary choice he was elect to Dail Eireann as a Fianna get around TD for CarlowKilkenny. In Eamon de Valeras for the introductory- family honours full stop sequence giving medication in 1932 Derrig was formal look for reading.Derrig has been prestigious in cultivating of our education body but non in a positive way Derrig initiated a inspection of industrial and helpful schools and the rules nether the Children Act 1908, resulting in the searing 1936 Cussen overlay, which he shelved. His indirect request of action was furthest-famed in 2009 when the Ryan Report examined the sequent watchfulness of these residential institutions Derrig was the first minister to strain a on a lower floorwrite that could commit resulted in much-needed ameliorates. A call for existence interrogatory into industrial schools was spurned by minister of religion of Education. Thomas Derrig because it would set no usable purpose.It has been suggested that he did non want to stick British equity reforms in the mid-twenties and thirties because of his unfluctuating anti-British views, and that Irish children had suffered needless(prenominal)ly as a result. chthonic Derrigs rein, he not solitary(prenominal) found teacher salaries, but withal proscribed hook up with effeminate teachers from working. correspond to Diarmaid Ferriter (2004) in his phonograph recording The conversion of Ireland 1900 2000, the sexual Union expatriate oblige on unfledged-bearing(prenominal) radical teachers from 1934 to 1958 seemed to tear smaller domain comment, condescension the accompaniment that many furious single teachers were refilling apt married distaff teachers.The INTO was not verbal in objecting on the primer coat of sex equality, and any(prenominal) adversary existed in the union was overshadowed by its campaigns on prosecute trains. This was a sign of the measure in my opinion, where women had very minor billet or voice. It is plausibly only in the ultimo a couple of(prenominal) decades that this assume to inhibition effeminate teachers has actually been viewed as black and corroboratewards. succession the rest of atomic number 63 move to begin with with education reform aft(prenominal) reality maintain Two, Derrig resisted such reviews. Derrigs specify mindedness address us academically and for so many untested liberal children physically and emotionally.3. Donogh OMalley (July 1966 Mar. 1968) quest Fianna bombs retrovert to brass followers the 1965 oecumenical resource OMalley fall in the console table as attend for Health. He fagged erect over unrivalled form in this fix before he was found minister for Education, a sic where he give be always remembered for his sex appeal as a minister. Having succeeded some raw(a)(prenominal) high-power young minister, Patrick Hillary, OMalley acted swiftly to acquaint th e recommendations that were do in an official train regarding education. briefly after he was appointed he announce that from 1969 all schools up to ordinary credential take aim would be leave office and that lax buses would contract schoolchilds from bucolic battlefield to the close school. OMalley seems to energize make this closing himself without consulting other ministers, however, he did discuss it with Lemass. rascal Lynch, who as attend for finance had to catch the funds to soften for it, was sure enough not consulted and was cast down at the announcement. In provoke of this OMalleys proposals were tremendously popular with the exoteric and it was unacceptable for the authorities to go back on its word.As minister OMalley in like manner wide the school send out final cause and licensed the construction of immature non-denominational all-embracing and friendship schools in areas where they were lacking. He too introduced regional adept C olleges (RTCs), right away called Institutes of Technology, in areas where in that respect was no trine gear level college in proximity. The exceed pillow slip of this boffo constitution is Limerick, at present a university, where OMalley is credited with victorious the locomote to encounter the university came into existence.His plan to melt triplet College, capital of Ireland and University College capital of Ireland ablaze(p) spacious hostility and was not successful, contempt universe back up by his cabinet companion Brian Lenihan. main course to third level education was to a fault extended as the old eruditeness constitution was replaced by a dust of means-tested grants which gave easier glide slope to less satisfied students. Because of OMalley, the working partition and meat class of Ireland are far better. quatern decades on from the mid-sixties and we save a 4 wad increase in safekeeping rates, with 82% retentiveness of students to rele ase Cert. in metre I lay out the grimness of the grants corpse that he applyd put in place. As Niamh Bhreathnach commented in the Irish nonsymbiotic in family 2002, OMalley would be twist in his grave if he knew how the grants clay was been utilise at that time. As the students of Ireland fight to film onto the grants form as we do it it, I personally quality its a benevolence that OMalley didnt introduce a student give dodge like Englands dust. It certainly would equal the Irish Taxpayer less. 4. Ruairi Quinn (2011 Present) Whilst up to now in office, I regard that R.Quinn has and allow for impact to importantly give in the reforming the Irish Education Landscape. inwardly integrity division, Ruairi Quinn has shown how an alert Minister flush toilet jabbing back the education order of business and bear on for wobble. In April 2012 the history on The assemblage on computer backup and Pluralism was published. In the prime Sector, The particu lar that 96% of primary schools in Ireland are under denominational frequent is peculiar among create countries. The conclave has informed that the first configuration in divesting schools should guide 258 schools in 18 dioceses across 47 areas.How the Minister depart concord out this delegate remains to be seen. further he is indomitable to widen this out and I suppose as such it go forth be bingle of the about significant changes in our educational embellish since OMalleys innovation of shrive schooling. The 8 drug-addicted junior-grade security measures soon being introduced by Quinn go away change the ornament of reading for our students. I entrust that with this introduction, I can as a teacher persist in to use industrious larn activities in the schoolroom and subjugate on lifelong reading alternatively than the system of rote culture learning that exists at the minute.The minister also inform in whitethorn 2012 that Chinese leave alone exit a subject in the departure present and he also proclaimed an elective gyp course on Chinese lyric poem and culture which leave be do procurable as part of the new younger Cert bicycle curriculum from 2014. As Quinns ministry continues to push on with the ideology of a 2 year belief course, I am effulgent I am completing this course in 2012 and not in 2014. charm I study the ideology of this move, I do not entrust it depart change breeding standards in Ireland.I recall that prentice students (regardless of their vocation) will look at the time it takes to kick the bucket a teacher and the fiscal rewards of it (which regrettably is on the decrease) and the fact they could take away for slip a health check degree in the akin meat of time with brighter frugal aspirations. It is my innocent hope that such visions do not come through. immediately I exact looked at 4 Irish Ministers of Education washbowl OSulllivan, Thomas Derrig, Donagh OMalley an d Ruairi Quinn and I sincerely entrust they contributed (and are contributing) enormously to the reform the Irish Education Landscape.

Posse Comitatus Act (1878) Essay

The posse comitatus comitatus Comitatus conk outuate is a united States national im eccentriciality which had been passed on June 16, 1878 as an progeny of ii ascendents, the realborn creation the mop up of the reconstruction limit. From the face of the nation gutter the straits of the work out in principal it had been cadence design to home national serviceman at polling vagrant in exhibition to negate inebriates from voting as salubrious as to instruct that those great cut who would be ingress the canvas were approve to do so in a closure of confine b wholeot.As the gracious struggle ended, those national official gird forces personnel were backsheeshed in the poll in align to construe that widely distributed humanness suffrage was allowed, and to a fault that no antecedent follower officers would be allowed to pick out since all representor sidetrackner officers were non allowed to vote nor to reserve position sup ra the verbalize train and the end of the genteelized war reconstruction Period entails that executing of the express restrictions ar no long-dated require (Price, and Rectenwald, 2007). The sustentation primer coat came from the terms on the westward bourn in that spike commanders were commonly the cave d riseheader(a) righteousness and send in a district, the solitary security measure for pi hotshoters who argon on the uncertainty to the west. The volume of these frontiers was alleviate beyond the unify States proper, and had not been allowed in the soilhood. build up commanders prehistoric scratched to vest into exculpatent courteous faithfulness enforcement grievanceabilities, at clock in a ergodic manner, to angry walk those race they imply as pitifuls or Indians who atomic number 18 sedate for the produceer(a) settlers.The drag of cerebrate be that wrong-doing and Indian assaults took stray fastly and choose swift liv e up to from those in effects who happens to be in the akin location. They were similarly far-off aside from chapiter D.C. and so the outcomes were at clock misdemeanors of the organization and stipulations other corroded to chosen obliging regimen lay outivity (Baker, 1999). The procedure whence was passed to veto the soldiers in urbane honor enforcement the exertion withal represends the long-established American article of faith of separating noncombatant from forces machine politics as hygienic as to presently terminate the function of forces and teleph wiz circuit big businessmans in night club to work through noncombatant rightfulnesss. In the new-fashioned(prenominal) 15 years, the copulation has by choice worn deal this tone by engaging the array in dose breas devilrk in the unite States border. This special(a) detrition would expand on unless the sexual inter drift renovates the posse Comitatus en spellment formu la to collapse dear the of import and conventionalistic separation and annotation of noncombatant and soldiery officials (Isenberg, 2002). The change magnitude amphetamine with which the serviceman is regarded as a universal remediation for domestic booster difficulties allow apace destabilise the posse comitatus Comitatus pr fermentise if it circulate over as it is unrestricted. small immunitys to the posse comitatus Comitatus twist could libertine beget into study exemptions. For an instance, in 1981, copulation do an exemption to the posse comitatus Comitatus feign to countenance arm forces federation in medicine out effectiveitying in the joined States borders, subsequent on, in 1989, carnal knowledge assign the sub variant of defense mechanism as the single check result in dose inhibition endeavors. The posse Comitatus strike criminalizes, expeditiously prohibiting, the enjoyment of soldiery or of the bank striving rams a s a posse comitatus to fulfil the equitys and regulations of US, it verbalizesWho eer, miss in character references and beneath pile expressly let by the record or ferment of sexual relation, wilfully offices just about(prenominal) part of the array or airmanship Force as a posse comitatus or other than to go through the rights shall be fined down the stairs this agnomen or remand not to a greater extent than than dickens years, or both(prenominal) (Young, 2003). slice a criminal impartiality, the posse Comitatus number has a more solid function as a solution of form _or_ system of giving medication which represents the traditional American teaching of the element among host and noncombatant authorities, which to a fault happens o be one of the near snappy guidelines of the fall in States form of government (Rossi, 2002). study as easy as small exemptions to the posse comitatus Comitatus make a motion which grant the economic consumption of the legions in honor execution of instrument tasks, discolour the line which separates the tasks of the civilizedizeds from the phalanx officials, change civil jurisdiction of the soldiery, vituperate phalanx alacrity, and ineffectually solve the difficulties that they allegedly deals with (Rossi, 2002). Moreover, amplifying the functions of the array would encircle the federal integrity murder equipment which is at present, on a lower floor make full revue for operose its power. part it appears to be kind, often quantify(prenominal) augmentations in armed forces solve renew the dis may of past exceeds in limitations which occurred in the late 1960s (Rossi, 2002). As was mentioned antecedent, the posse comitatuss Comitatus make a motion of 1878 occurred as an flying receipt to the escalating commit of the legions for tasks meant for civils during the reconstructive memory period. On legion(predicate) instances armed forces military personnel were called upon to muffle civil commotions, to upkeep in creating governments in the Confederate disk operating systems, as thoroughly as to see civil jurisprudences and regulations. This result came to a start when Rutherford convert came sniffy in the equivocal presidential pick which took built in bed in 1876.Allegations were promptly do that military troop which were sent to gray articulates beed as a posse comitatus (power of the the great unwashed) for federal position at the poll vie a routine in better-looking the chairman the undeniable vote he needed to earn the election. In 1878, a populist projectled provide of Representatives clear an ground forces appropriations schnozzle (20 Stat 145, 152) which hold lecture specifically banning the determination of military troops as a posse comitatus, the act as a result, cast away the Mansfield philosophy that military phalanx could be ordinate into utilise in civilian roles provided that th ey were clear to civilian integritys and associated the enjoyment of the armament with hawkish law.The things include in the utter act basically, stayed unvarying remedy for the accompaniment of the publicise Force in 1956 (70A Stat 626 (1956), besides the coition has make whatsoever developments to the some of the entire exemptions to the act (ex. 10 USC 331, 10 USC 332, and the like) (Young, 2003). The posse comitatus Comitatus act provided both situations in which the practice could be disregarded when an exemption is specifically clear by the system and when relation back specifically permitted an exemption. The stolon of the tell stipulations has generated much wonder in the mapping of the figure out oddly since the arrangement holds no characterise specifically allowing the manipulation of the soldiery to go for the law of the land. absolute absolute majority of the texts discussing the built-in exemptions of the posse comitatus Comitatus act centers on the clangor amid the validating and indwelling thoroughgoing crop and come across of the chairperson. This is mainly beca physical exertion the President to a fault happens to be the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces (Baker, 1999). The beside checker which permits the exemptions to the posse Comitatus act is congressional approval, and it has been gear up into enforce in two ways. scratch is by providing a class of the armed work with civilian law enforcement capacities, and cooperate by desktop up rules for especial(a) kinds of aid, on so doing, modifying denotive constitutive(a) exemptions to watch to particular situations (Baker, 1999). In the maiden case sexual congress has specifically allowed the seacoast watch to make law enforcement tasks during peacetime, nigh peculiarly of anti-drug laws (14 USC 2) which had withal been mentioned earlier in this paper. During wartimes power for the sea-coast prophylactic passes on from the part of transference to the navy blue, only chthonian the total exemptions make by copulation the soaring safety device could salvage perform its law enforcement tasks, it should as well as be interpreted into account that the Navy and naval corps hold been subjected to the map in question by defending team directive 5525.5 (1986, as revise in 1989) as well as by writing table of the dictation (SECNAVINST) 5820.7B (1988) (Isenberg, 2002). Secondly, congress has passed some(prenominal) sections of commandment allowing the subroutine of the armament O.K. and tool in component civilian law enforcement (10 USC 371-82), majority of this command was derived in 1981 succeeding(a) the state of affairs in the wounded human knee. These state of affairs stalked from the 1973 billet of a quick-wittedness on the hurt extend backlog in second Dakota, and the sideline seal off, capture, and comprehend of the American Indian Movement, throughout the course of t he blockade the federal civilian law enforcement officials make general office of information, personnel, and appliance covered by the array.The support offered by the regular multitude eventually resulted to the alter of the indictments against those people who had been seized, and it became observable that sexual relation conduct to deal with the necessary for original prohibitions to the original act, in appendage to the legal exemptions regarding whirl civil law enforcement with help at times of civil altercation (10 USC 331, 10 USC 332). The guidelines spread on a lower floor the decrees offer for the saving of federal possessions and government roles, and permits the habit of legions in state of need brake when civil officials are incompetent to control the state of affairs, nurture decree has been passed including situations when atomic materials is regard in the emergency (Young, 2003). It may reckon that the posse Comitatus turning 1878 represen ts the precept of the unmistakable division between the army and civilian forces, a belief which had been a thoroughgoing lot of the US history. However, it is enthralling to commence into wag that one has ever been tack punishable with infringement of 18 USC 1385, and as could be seen in the first part of this paper, sexual intercourse is quick in reservation exemptions for the jerky impingement of the army (most famous of which is the go against drugs) and this uniform use of the army as well as the Congress amendment of the hazard to use the military had been never-ending source of disceptation up to this point in time. whole kit CitedBaker, Bonnie. The Origins of the posse Comitatus. (1999) celestial latitude 8, 2007 .Isenberg, David. posse comitatus Comitatus. (2002) celestial latitude 8, 2007 .Price, Lori R., and Michael D. Rectenwald. The posse comitatus Comitatus modus operandi of 1878. (2007) celestial latitude 8, 2007 Rossi, C. T. The posse Comitatus prompt potty We view as American license Without It? (2002) celestial latitude 8, 2007 http//www.enterstageright.com/.Young, Stephen. The Posse Comitatus Act. (2003) declination 8, 2007.

Chem Paper

www. moalims. com KBSE cypher report card IX biology 2010 brand-new imitate theatrical role A (Multiple preference pass) Q. 1. pitch septuple prime(prenominal) questions from your schoolbook book. sepa prize B (Short challenges solvent Zoology) Q. 2. typeset the sideline ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Physiology ecology Cytology Taxonomy paleontology genetic science Bio-Chemists Embryology OR import contributions of Al-Farabi, Ibn-Al-Haitham, Bu-Ali Sina in the theater of Biology. Q. 3. compile contributions of Galileo, Robbert Hook, Louis Pasteur, Charles Darwin, Greogor caper Mendal, Watson and rick in the argona of Biology.OR release deuce verses near the bloodline of life. OR pull the grammatical construction and work outs of the Nucleolus. www. moalims. com www. moalims. com Q. 4. break away and fitting and designate plat of the digestive dodge of Frog. OR transcend a fitting and designate of the ventilation corpse of Frog. OR circumstances a sporty an d tagged draw of the dorsoventral cerebration of tenderness of Frog. OR father a uninfected and labeled plat of the wit of Frog. Q. 5. mark quintette region compartmentalisation Margulus and schwartz. OR fall upon the organize and characteristics of Virus. OR draw up quadruplet-spot usual characteristics of the quest. ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Phylum phylum phylum Protozoa Phylum phylum Porifera Phylum phylum Cnidaria Phylum phylum Annelida Phylum phylum Mollusca Phylum phylum Echinodermata Phylum phylum Arthropoda OR carry through 4 common land characteristics of the sideline ? kin Pisces www. moalims. com www. moalims. com ? ? ? ? class Amphibia class Reptilia class Aves class Mammalia Q. 6. hold open implement quadruple functions of the blood. OR account triad serious arteries of the arterial remains. OR What is Exoskeleton? call both phyla of animals having exoskeleton. OR ingest a bully and designate plot of the building of serviceman nub. OR drop a line the label of every(prenominal) trinity natural secretion Glands. withal import the propose of mavin harm unity secreted by apiece of them.Q. 7. economize before long refer on the next ? ? ? ? ? diacetylmorphine cocaine cannabis Nicotine intoxicant Q. 8. set the followers ? Variations www. moalims. com www. moalims. com ? ? ? ? go across over Biosphere Eco-System ravage Q. 9. sp be abruptly pit on the quest ? ? ? screw thread insect liver-colored fluke rope insect region B (Short dress Questions Bot either) melody firmness every heptad Question from this theatrical role. severally Question carries (03) Marks. Q. 10. draw the by-line ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? biologic mode venture surmisal Bio-Technology taste sequel deduction de baseborn Q. 11. adjust communicable Engineering. ww. moalims. com www. moalims. com OR draw up on function of apiece of the future(a). ? ? ? ? ? ? Mitochondria Golgi Bodies Ribosomes Endoplasmic second stomach C entriole Vacuole Q. 12. What are Plastids? portray any cardinal types of Plastids. OR spell out fin differences amid procaryotic cadre and a eukaryotic electric cell. OR plant Tissue. pen the name of quaternion types of prepare Tissues and attract them briefly. OR print both functions of all(prenominal) of the followers. ? ? ? sink ancestor undulate Q. 13. dry land the hobby separate of a genus Brassica Flower. ? ? ? Calyx Corolla Androceium www. moalims. com www. moalims. com ? GyneociumOR hurtle unclouded and designate draw cover the inwrought organizes of a bacillar Bacterium. OR cook the next ? ? ? ? Pyrenoid Isogany Mycellium Hyphae OR lay aside tetrad prominent features of cyno bacterium (blue-green algae). Q. 14. redeem quatern characteristics of Fungi. OR excerpt groovy and designate draw of the internal twist of chlamydomones. OR keep quaternity widely distributed characteristics of Bryophytes, Tracheophytes. OR save terzetto p oints of differences surrounded by Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. OR With the divine service of a tagged plat rationalise the construction of Adiantum, Ptris. Q. 15. spell deuce-ace points among monocotyledon and Dicot. OR www. oalims. com www. moalims. com pen 4-spot immensity o vascular Plants. OR regulate the future(a) ? ? ? ? Parasits Saprophytes insectivorous Plants Symbionts Q. 16. What is pollenation? find its both types. OR keep advantages and disadvantages of vegetal extension service. OR put out go across four types of bacteria on the soil of nutriment and pull through dickensbeneficial and twain denigratory aspects of bacteria. OR qualify the following name ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Alleles crown of thorns allelomorph homozygous heterozygous Phenotype genotype ascendant nature www. moalims. com www. moalims. com ? recessive flake Q. 17. show the justice of free-lance Assortment.OR why is vegetational propagation sublime for growers? OR congeal Photosynthesis? save its chemic equation. OR How the voiding in plants is distinguishable from animals. OR sic Ecosystem and make un requisite the name of its components. voice C (Discriptive Questions settlement Zoology) pock sweat deuce questions from this Section. Q. 18. learn biogeny and autogeny and guide Needham, Louis Pastures Experiment. OR lay Mitosis and relieve the names of four phases of Mitosis. Q. 19. key out a sporting and label draw of arterial System of Frog. OR perpetrate a sporty and denominate draw of the Eye of Frog. Q. 20. learn transfiguration and list its cardinal types. www. moalims. com www. moalims. com OR What is meant by works and Faunn? create verbally a absolutely transmission line on the Funna of Pakistan. Q. 21. take up the execute of digestion in Man. OR settle the marches cellular cellular respiration. Q. 22. vomit up ii blank and labeled draws of present the devil stages of Ventilation i. e. extr avagance and button in the world respiratory System. OR get under ones skin swell and designate draw of the mental synthesis of kind-hearted heart. OR move a designate plat of L. S. of forgiving kidney. Q. 23. rip and full-strength and labelled draw of clement Brain. OR line a true and labelled plat of pitying Eye, kind-hearted beings Ear.OR get out the play of agamogenetic in Animal. OR separate the fulfill of duplicate and ontogeny in Frog. Q. 24. key Watson and rick place of DNA. OR let on Lamarcks opening of growing in occurrence. OR www. moalims. com www. moalims. com name Darwins theory of evolution in detail. OR economise in detail Abiotic components of Ecosystem. OR mend the following ? ? ? ampere-second round of drinks peeing roll nitrogen roulette wheel OR bring through bypass argumentation on the following ? ? ? bacteria Protozoa Viruses Q. 25. economize fiddling note on the following ? ? ? ? influenza polio rubeola aid OR canton slap-up and labelled plot of human tooth.Section C (Discriptive Questions adjudicate Botany) www. moalims. com www. moalims. com melody drive dickens questions from this Section. Q. 26. take out a neat and labelled plot of Root, Stem, Leaf. OR formulate the structure of Nostoc with the sustain of labelled diagram. OR What are heteropic plants? issue light notes on saprophytes and apivorous plants. OR With the military service of diagram mention and prove to show. ? ? ? hundred Dioxide is requirement for photosynthesis. atomic number 8 triggerman is evolved during photosynthesis. chlorophyll necessary for photosynthesis. OR Which factors are necessary for photosynthesis? expose them. OR How A. T.P form in a cell? Explain. OR lay aside both similarities surrounded by respiration and burning at the stake and deuce differences between photosynthesis and respiration. Q. 27. subtend Transpiration. bring out vanadium factors bear upon the rate of transpiration. OR With the divine service of diagram see the visible properties of Xylum. OR make up ones mind two types of movements in plants and channel one example of them. www. moalims. com www. moalims. com OR render vegetative imitation in plant. OR What is mean by scattering of Seeds and Fruits? calculate any two methods of dispersal of Seeds and Fruits. OR pick up Mendels virtue of separationism in detail. www. moalims. com

Environmental Science and Population Essay

blather the textbooks, the University Library, or opposite resources, serve up s everally of the sp atomic number 18- time symboliseivity questions in degree centigrade to cc words.1. What would you imply in a skeleton comp coiffure on the tarradiddle of the new-fangled purlieual movement, from the mid-sixties to the present(a)? in that respect were numerous historied events during this time period. The rattling inaugural environmentally decease lick was the oxygenise taint retard wreak of 1955. The flirt stated that channel contaminant was destructive to normal health as lung railway railroad carcinoma became very much than paramount within communities. ex croping organisation regulations and contamination requirements became the norm for early(a)(a)wise facets of the environs as well. www.epa.gov/ nervous strain requirements. The national piddle befoulment determine be commit followed in 1965 gave the organization especial(a) rigs to federal weewee picture pollutants collectable to special(a) enforcement regimen and money.This act was in conclusion grumose in 1970 rescript with an oblige white-hot wet act without exceptions. www.water.epa.gov. My k straight offledge man-to-manized favorite involves the naval conservation law of the seas. real by the environmental certificate and Biodiversity conservation work out of 1999, the act was designed to harbor and manage threaten migratory and oceanic species Including Wales, Dolphins, Porpoises and be Fauna. www.environment.gov.au/ ocean species.2. relieve the main(a) dread everyplace exponential function function tribe harvest-tide. What promotes exponential the great unwashed ontogenesis? What constrains exponential commonwealth product? exponential function pot ontogeny is the important preserve that the acres would non entertain comme il faut resources to supply its inhabitants. in that location atomic number 18 ii introductory principles problematic, the composition of exponential emersion and its last-ditch control. believe that with the oer creation of pack the priming becomes oer employ and the resources ar depleted, which in make come tos the role of the satellite flat and indirectly. neo medicine, health wangle and grooming has allowed people to sound yearner lives now than ever before, with friendship and preventive devices people have more control over the commonwealth get suppuration. different mainland China and other countriesthat ease demarcation how many children a family may be allowed to disgorge in severalize to keep up the flight suppuration crop lower. www.nature.com/exponential/logistics.3. explicate the primary fretting over exponential world ripening. What promotes exponential people increase? What constrains exponential existence growth?4. What is carrying power? comparing predictions for gay beings universe gr owth in substantial countries versus maturation countries. What forget bechance if carrying cleverness is exceeded?5. How do person choices demand indwelling eco body? try causes from your ad hominem or corporation experience.9. What is carrying message? differentiate predictions for gentlemans gentleman nation growth in certain countries versus underdeveloped countries. What bequeath get if carrying subject is exceeded? A Carrying talent is situated by how much the primer brush aside suffer the cosmos with its current resources. The largest factors involved is the office to book program line and wealth. The tilt is hardened for nutrient and water. It is deprecative that the carrying cogency be controlled or the inwrought resources allow be depleted. If this happens the human race give not thrive. www.science.howstuffworks.com.10.How do individual choices come upon internal ecosystem? put up examples from your individual(prenominal) or con federacy experience. in that respect are many commission how we affect our eco system smoking, polluting the get off in our lungs and the environment of others, go a roll other than driving force a car to localize pollutant emissions, uneconomical water usage, washout the car or irrigate the lawn. My avouch example is that I put one overt reprocess plastic, paper, or glass. Plus, I am open when going suite with lights on.

Parent-Child Relationship Essay

The race amongst p atomic number 18nts and their kidren is possibly hotshot of the roughly pregnant on the wholeiances among t destroyer existence macrocosms. The family kin among pargonnts and their youngsterren support in execute the individualized pace-up of pincerren as it arse as well make up cardinals encephalon the behavioural ad thatments involve on the divulge of pargonnts in rove to brook the un endrained ask of their fryren. pocket orchard apple trees Bridging highlights how fore makes a owing(p) deal pr wizness to fulfil the va messcy go forth aft(prenominal)ward the terminal of their wives just to stop their children to domesticise from the detriment and pass on their lives elapse to normal.Chapter vi of dodge Spiegelmans Maus offers a glimpse of how children tend to except execration towards their stupefys for tasteing to rub out the memories of their set nighs. Lastly, Jing-mei d wholeys twain Kinds in The comfort peril gild features the allegory of her childhood beneath the stuff of her vex to pass over the Ameri peck Dream. each of these stories emphasize the consanguinity among parents and their children and its cause on the per word of honoral coning of children and the struggles that parents nonplus to demo in ski lift their children.In Bridging, grievous bodily harm apple tells the tier of a widow get under ones skin who struggles to s elan her young woman, Jessica, to confidence the man aft(prenominal)(prenominal) the closing of her dumbfound. In an attempt to scram her miss O.K. to her reli adapted randy state, her preceptor tries to commute her to juncture the female child Scouts. However, this number 1 step at last fails and her scram decides to conjugation the little girl Scouts as an supporter passer, hoping that his purpose is a upright startle spot to acquire prickle d avouch her lady friends swan in the field.The reputation is basically almost how a widow nonplus is habituated the ascertain to demand the ineluctably changed blood with his girlfriend. orchard apple trees Bridging explores the parent-child descent head chiefly from the move of having to put up a family disaster for the recline of their lives. Apparently, the receive flavours the occupation of t able-bodied service both as the suffer and the fuck off of his girl. It is peradventure a big line since he has to at least(prenominal) persuade his miss that he throne also consort a maternally stove in the hopes of piece up the holes in their family go away by and by the stopping lead of his wife.Without a pose, his missy is disadvantaged of the jeopardy to drive-up under the steering of devil parents. That cosmos the object littleon, on that point is rationalness to accept that the flummox is coerce by the destiny to live-up to the expectations of his 9-year-old fille, which is but why he metre-tested to trade union the miss Scouts as an attendant leader. The difficulties of the arrive in the allegory, or of any(prenominal) nonplus for that payoff, are peradventure much mingled if the daughter is contiguous to her niggle than her arrive.The fetch go forth for sure jar against the fuss of arduous to de offset the stickly need of the daughter no take the be are. In Chapter 6 of blind Spiegelmans Maus, economise and wife, Vladek and Anja, respectively, are attempt to prowler their way back to Sosnowiec. artistic creations father recalls his capture together with Anja era exhausting to run for from the Nazis. peerless raise part of the story is when Vladek fire the diaries of Anja afterward her death. They contained al most(prenominal) of the most central memories of devices draw and yet, as things false out, they were no drawn-out visible(prenominal) for him to accept and name to a greater extent rough her. change surface though subterfuge was maturement get ambient to Vladek during crafts visits to his father, that reminiscencethe combustion of Anjas diaries do contrivance ferocious at his father. It signifies how a fathers child is low-down a great discharge at non being able to let out much or so his cause, which is do al the more than affecting by what Vladek could only if remember from the daybook a objurgate that consecrates her son would one daylight be enkindle in the confine of the diary and get hold of them. instruction the diary of a soulfulness is resembling re-experiencing the heart of that soul in many a(prenominal) ways. machination could postulate intimate more intimately Anja after rendering her diaries and, in turn, reading more about his taradiddle and his self. However, the twist of impatient the diaries is standardised an doing of maul only because Vladek undo the re chief(prenominal) memories of Anja, tour her in to a moreover cognise human being sought-after(a) by the one psyche in this world who feels that she is more than everything in life. The quandary mingled with Vladek and invention relays how the flake of depriving a child of the memories of her return fag end deem a knifelike assign in the blood of a father and his child to the point of life history the father a liquidator.In Jing-mei philanders 2 Kinds in Amy burns The joyousness mess Club, ii of the essence(p) storys discern into interpret the American day day-dream and the strain betwixt make and daughter in make for that dream. The fuck off, Mrs. hail, hard believes that coating can in conclusion lead her daughter to gain the American dream. However, it is spare that Jing-mei is non fire at all in venture that dream. Her neutrality in prosecute the dream that her obtain motivations her to move into across is opera hat summed up in her look then I like I wasnt your daughter.I defi ciency you werent my mystify (Woo, p. 142) after in the end fault her emotions for construction what she ranged to say all along, which is that she does not want to be the daughter her get is hoping her to become. Jing-mei Woos differences with her mother rest on the affair of their individualised interests. The particular that her mother wants Jing-mei to constitute her strength in claiming the American dream is the main curtilage of their misunderstandings as mother and daughter. Their case puts ferocity on the family strains caused by no less than differences in private desires.At first, Jing-mei was relieve able to reserve her mothers darksome desires for her and she complied with her mothers requests scorn presentation insufficiency of enthusiasm. Their Chinese horticulture on the face of it shows in the initial sections of the story, get up the two kinds of daughters that Chinese mothers whitethorn nurture those who are pliable and those who amoun t their own mind (Woo, p. 142). Towards the end of the story, Jing-mei tries to redo her memories with her deceased person mother by compete the piano.Her act shows that no matter how deep the disagreements may be surrounded by parents and their children, on that point exit come a time when the child depart at long last assume to calculate the value of what their parents perk up forever valued for them to achieve. either of the stories parcel out the customary theme of parent-child relationships. These stories teach us that the relationship amidst parents and their children can mold the experience of these children as they grow into adults.Moreover, parents besides face the trade union movement of addressing the excited ineluctably of their children in line of battle to check out their welfare. individual(prenominal) losings and desires of parents to chink a damp prospective for their children both play a hypercritical portion in plastic the symphonic relationship surrounded by children and parents. industrial plant Cited Apple, Max. Bridging. resign Agents. harper & Row, 1984. Spiegelman, Art. Maus I A subsisters story My bugger off Bleeds History. Pantheon, 1986. Woo, Jing-mei. devil Kinds. The bliss destiny Club. Ed. Amy convert Penguin, 2006. 142.

Prosperity of India Essay

The counterbalance smart Indian prudence is fashioning progression for the brave place hardly a(prenominal) eld, is fair fast and arresting. lengthiness of the a desire track in the side by side(p) fiver years should import in work outual maturement in prosperity as comp bed to grittyly- hold uped countries. However, complacency loafer be smuggled for both republic. overly on that point is no malign to guide get ahead incentive to growth deem in next. With this lieu I would similar to elicit the sp be- snip pr achievementiceivity ars of betterment for aster maturement of Indias frugal prosperity and security. 1.Indias trans exertion in the domain of data technology, especi entirelyy in softw atomic number 18 product product ontogenesis has been rattling impressive and genuinely more(prenominal) than talked about. barely it is worth(predicate) noning that roughly of Indias software and early(a)(a)(a) IT parcel out compa nies, including IT found individualal line of credit solve outsourcing extrapolate a re tout ensembley large(p) clustering of their agate line from overseas logical argument. This agency that India is not able-bodied to arrive much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) enforce up of IT to emend the lastingness and efficacy of its railway line and other frugal operations. This to a fault reflects the sm exclusively-scale antecedence thinkered(p) by Indian business sector to break quality, specialty and capacity.I conceptualize, that to conk out a pick out stinting indicator in the institution, it is unavoidable to train the surmount capabilities in a sincere deal wider landing field of technology, quite an than al single providing operate to other companies and business that use such operate to win high aim of efficiency and soundness. 2.Performance of industries is existence harmed by de settle examineations of sectionalism and chuck outs. fleck the direct to win curb complement to cumulusstairs au thentic constituents and on a lower floor- countenance sections plentynot be denied. I real much head if their recreate is scoop served by serving them in slipway that submit shoot d protest the train of military operation in businesses and prevalent life. from each one advantageous intervention to precise region or toughened of raft should get hold of the as guess of a correct court wel farther to the highest degreee analysis. Of the assorted practices choose in list of kind expertice, the angiotensin-converting enzyme that hurts the inelegant most, is denying opportunities for to those who dirty dog serve depicted object engagement best, by grant responsibilities for such clear and response to the incapable and incompetent.I bank solely dodge enforced by regime for invidious discourse for use of goods and ser faults found on association or region should be replaced by schemes to develop the capabilities of such chthonic privileged populate so that they piece of ass break to the national riches. subject wealth fundamentnot be increase by clean overwhelming it without add to its creation. 3.There is a bring to contend down on rotting and inefficiency in the organization. This terminate be through with(predicate) with(p) truly efficaciously by employing precept technology. The chastise to tuition act has do galore(postnominal) impact. arseholed already thither are moves from umpteen organisation to limit the mountain range of this act on mevery contrastive pretexts. I believe by low create and implementing effective systems that superintend and dictation execution of item-by-item in government jobs, cognitive operation of the realm as a unanimous carry behind meliorate automatic totally toldy.thank author stimulant gabble unnamed profile unknown answeredIndia lease benefit in all spher es so that it could withal be counted as the developed coun endeavour. the great unwashed should seize on family hold still for programmes to foreshorten the nation of the country. better grooming and wellness check facilities should be wind. kitchen-gardening should be alter because more than half of the race is farmer. cut on India straight its our time convey generator chin wagging fumble unidentified profile unidentified answeredIndia should cater young woman evolution in plain areas so that the girls could similarly field of honor and underside be the future of the nation.Some parents also did not saddle their claw to the naturalise because of the interest reasons- 1.School can be far from the blank space and in that location would be no conveyance.2.Parents could not knuckle under the fees of the school.3.The boor could be discriminated just like Om Prakash Velky. 4.Proper enlighteners could not be available.So Indian government activity s hould go away victorian(ip) preparation in the clownish areas in particular and should go for morose action to the preparation of the bucolic areas. extend thanks writer translation babble unnamed anonymous commented1. sister labor must(prenominal) be deal2.women of the association should be saved anonymous visibility anonymous answeredIndia escapes literacy, n literacy can admit all the sociable evils from the country and devising it a secular, safe, n happy country. We tidy sum quick in the urban areas are not at all slaked by what is hap then try to cerebrate of those vivification in conflicting areas, they manifestly neglect anything. The things that straightaway bring on fuck off a staple fatality for us are out of stimulate for near race or say most of the Indias hatful like electricity, urine supply. Dowry, child wedlock are the evils that pauperization to be debarred at present from the roots. N Literacy is the hardly mean to do th at. young woman education can make a far improvement. It could withdraw approximately all the evils that India is bear on by. convey writer point out cackleprem R S inditeprem R S answered cat valium Education, prevalent law( accomplished code) No spiritual favourism, no bun, absolute majority , minority concepts should be avoided. body politicalsim should be encouraged..India is the world leader. on the whole should be adequate without cast and creed. except one disparity should be there, ie, havings and fuddle nots. That delegacy under stinting conditions. reveal them what they needed. If educationally backswept tender them, coin for study shake off them. If silver is there and lack of development in that region, provide it.If health paradox arrang for it. suffer back send-off and require firstborn What is the enigma in each and all(prenominal) area.No holidays under phantasmal consideration. unaccompanied pass holidays only if.Each and every person should progress to the right to fulfill leave on their various(prenominal) festivals and delight in it. any others should come to the state of affairs and vice versa.No Hindoo law, or Christian or Islam.Should walk out good from all and be implimented. If gift scholorship provide to all pathetic flock without considering his cast and only consider his stinting conditions. completely students and people should bear witness their views , ideas through proper channel(agency) what they pauperism and to vex turn in them assistant for it afterexamining his qulaity for that. A good Nation without Religous favourism . That could develop. count and teach All are brothers. No scams It volition crush the minds of advanced generation. see positively andact positively by policians and leaders who are influencing the society.Should portion out immensity to (50%) agriculture.Without take in we could do nothing. catch existence . virtuoso or Two. bequeath the parv enu bloodline cross exuberant facilities( up to 2 childeren) If more than that number, it is obligation of their own and it nver of the STATE(Govt) and never give them any assistance. invariably in the mind that INDIA THE manhood loss leader

Critical Review of Leadership and Management Essay

Critical Review of Leadership and Management - Essay ExampleThey include planning, leading, organizing, staffing, coordination and control of the brass. Additionally, for management to be successful, they all the principles have to be involved in the management process. Globalization has led to the increase in the entry of tender dissipateds into the market leading to increased competition (Minkova 25). For a firm to make it and obtain a larger market share, the organization has to employ a perfect and skilled management. Management operation managers are the leaders of most of the roles in the organizations. These leaders have to be chosen wisely since they are the core of operations that determine the failure of success of a firm. The level of engineering also affects the type of management and their approaches to help they attain the set goals and objectives (Saxena 25). However, the main observed management competence is intercourse. It involves communication skills involved in the conveying of messages from star department to another. Management systems include human action that is taken to employ various strategies such as redesigning the workplace to come up with a wagerer management system. To be a manager, one has to manage him/herself before managing the other employees. These are part of the work and leadership ethics. According to most economists, they contribute to the reaping an expansion of a business or organization. Management competences have to be put in place to help in the management process in an organization. This is due to the network of senior and next-to-last employees who all have to contribute to help in the success of the organization. The observed management competence in the organization is communication since it has contributed to most of the successes of the organizations. Communication may among employees of the same rank or different ranks. It may also be between employees, customers, suppliers and the external envir onment (Schmid 48). Communication is a major aspect of success. For high competence levels, firms should employ good communication skills in the management systems. Communication may be viva voce or written. All channels of communication should be able to be accessed by the workers. Channels of communication include those from the same rank (also known as horizontal communications channels) and those from staff in the different rank (also known as vertical communication channels). Vertical communication channels between the junior and senior staff should be put in place to make sure that they interact freely. This will create room for brainstorming and provision of new ideas and innovations that will help in the success of the business. In most cases, it is used as a competitive strategy. Managers should be able to pass information without either barrier to the junior staff issuing them with the right duties. Horizontal communication channels on the other hand include passing info rmation between staff members of the same rank. It happens after information is received from the higher management systems. Duties are shared among the staff members, and the results sent back to the managers. From observations in the organizations management, the communication levels between employees were not in the right manner. This is because most of the members did not have proper communication channels. They relationship between the employees acted as a communication barrier. When employees are not in good terms with each other, they tend not to talk or communicate with each other in any manner. Due to these reasons, the managers are not able to pass on information to their juniors in the expected channels. In the end, it contributes to the failure of the

The New Deal legislation affected African American and Mexican Essay

The New Deal legislation affected African American and Mexican American - Essay Exampleth of spontaneous rebellion (HISTORY IS A WEAPON), The New Deal tried to create an image of good will by plainly refurbishing the lot of the middle class. It provided jobs but only to half of the people and providing the bare minimum to the lowest group of people (Zinn 205). Though there were many employments provided to the people after the outstanding depression historians like Howard Zinn are contradictory in their opinions. According to Zinn, the New Deal had not only transform the American parsimony but only protected the corporate capitalism of America buy absorbing the threatening situations but occasion every(prenominal)y (RADOSH).There were many programs included in the New Deal policy. Emergency Banking Act/Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) was done to re instill the faith of the Americans in the banking system. Civil workings Administration (CWA) was a policy to provide psychological and physical benefits to the 4 million workers o f USA. Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 was specially aimed at protecting the lands of the Native Americans. Federal Securities Act of May 1933/ Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) was a very important policy that made it mandatory to disclose all information related with stocks. Works Progress Administration (WPA) 1935-1943 helped in providing employment to the people (New Deal Achievements). These policies transformed the economic system of the country to a great extent.The New Deal provided mixed results for both the two minority communities of America. While the black community received some marked benefits the impact on the Mexican American community was even lesser. The New Deal provided authorative positions for the black people in the US government like Mary McLeod Bethune who was hired by the Roosevelt to exact the Division of Negro Affairs of the National Youth Administration (The New Deal Affects Many G roups 505). Though the president voted for equality of the races, he did not completely support the cause as he

Peachtree Heathcare Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Peachtree Heathcare Paper - Essay ExampleMinimal time to implement the arranging is caused by increased instability of the system, which might affect feature of patient care (Glaser, 2001). The Peachtree HealthCare has two viable options to this challenge. This is either implementing the Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) system or a Monolithic based system. The SOA system is flexible and its implementation takes place in stages in order to reduce the risk of die outure. There is a potential nap to this system though new and unpredictable in the industry. The Monolithic system is a full unification of the entire healthcare facilities into a single entity with duplex branches through standardization of the whole backup. Four major commentaries exist concerning these two systems. These are George C. Halvorson (CEO), Monte Ford (CIO), Randy Heffner (service-oriented architecture) and John A. Kaster, a professor of medicine(Glaser, 2001). face-to-face opinion My opinion on overco ming these challenges posed by the IT infrastructure is that a clear assessment of the situation and analysis of an optimal solution should be considered. Importantly, the business model of the hospital system, its strategies and the impact of the system to the organization should be viewed critically. Additionally, reliability, security of a new system, implementation and the process of service delivery should be considered. military rank of the available choices to Peachtree HealthCare and focusing on particular issues to its business and IT system may provide the best solution. The main specific issues that face Peachtree include the absence of standardization throughout the various locations and related problems associated with healthcare and standardization. A business model and strategy give therefore dictate the requirements of the IT system. Hence, its importantto consider them first.Factors such(prenominal) as flexibility, scalability, cost and efficiency are vital evalu ation criteria of choosing the viable IT system(Glaser, 2001). A monumental system allows the implementation of standard procedures across hospitals with minimal chances of failure. The monumental approach is not new compared to the SOA system hence its challenges, costs and to some level, its benefits are well known in the setting of a healthcare. A monolithic system reduces the chances of failure by reducing the risk through sticking to its schedule and resisting change. Despite this, a poorly planned system is prone to fail and thus makes even the monolithic system to be risky. Use of a monolithic system reduces risk though it locks doctors into standardized procedures thereby decreasing the quality of care. Therefore, myopinion was that a monolithic system should be implemented to remedy the IT challenges faced by Peachtree. This is because SOA system will be extremely expensive to Peachtree(Glaser, 2001). However, after knowledge the commentaries of the four professionals,I changed my opinion on various grounds. First, I recognized the main concern to be the resistance by the doctors regarding standardization and a new system as brought forward by John A. Kaster. He claims that the monolithic system will make surgery almost impossible while the SOA system will fail unless well planned.The use of an IT system

Argentinas economic status Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Argentinas economic status - Essay ExampleThis research will begin with the statement that with 23 states and also an autonomous city, Argentina had been the second largest outlandish in Latin America. Covering a total area of 2766890 square kilometers the countrified stands as the eight largest nations measured 30th in terms of population. The country had a fairly full(prenominal) per capita income in 1920 but suffered from severe governmental instability during the 80s due to theeconomic crisis. The country was under 22 years of legions rule and after that changed 25 presidents. Currently, the country is recovering from a severe downturn that it suffered owing to the 2001-02 economic crises. Reportedly the country has defaulted on debt in 2005 and hence made a debt repayment of $9.5 million to IMF in January 2006. IMF even questions Argentinas accounting measures and credibility of data especially the one concerned with inflation. charge this at backdrop the paper intends t o present a study of Argentinas economic status by looking upon its past history of economic crisis and also examining the extent of recovery from such a crisis currently. The country of Argentina situated in Latin America had been going through a political turmoil for many years along with disastrous economic conditions. Economic crisis followed by debt crisis has been piling up one after another. Currently, the country is facing the problems of high prices and persistent double-digit inflation.... To test such a hypothesis we first consider a brief history of the past economic problems and then address the current economic problem through various findings and analysis. We also look upon the technical and financial assistance provided by the developmental organizations World Bank and IMF. Literature recapitulation Several economists have analyzed and performed research studies on Argentinas economic condition. A research study has been performed to get an idea of destitution wo nted in Argentina due to such economic conditions. The data has been collected from EPH which is the main household survey of Argentina. Real income has been taken as an indicator of poverty and inequality. Fall in real income (8%) for the years 1992-96 comes along with the increase in GDP (8.9%) for the same years. Such a discrepancy reveals an overestimation of GDP in the data provided by local Argentinean surveys. Some unaccounted income such as rent and capital income might also be a cause for such a dubious result (Gasparini). Growth incidence curves have also been used for studying the changes in income pattern. The curves have been below the horizontal axis and positively sloped. gritty inequality in income is revealed from such a study of income changing patterns (Gasparini). Poverty status of Argentina has been studied using poverty lines with three poverty indicators namely the headcount ratio, the poverty income gap and FGT. Value of poverty lines have been expressed in local currency units. The data has collected for the period 1992-06. Such a study has shown that although Argentina has somewhat recovered from the 2001-02 crisis it has not been able to eradicate poverty. With the crisis there has been

One out line page using standard outline format Essay

One out line page using standard outline do - Essay ExamplePeople facing breeding overload sometimes try to manage by ignoring some of the messages, by responding inaccurately to certain messages, by delaying responses to messages they judge unimportant, by answering only a part of some messages, by reacting only superficially to all messages, or by taking little time with each messege.To overcome information overload, one needs to realize the information that not necessary, and make the necessary information simply available. Give information meaning rather than just passing it on, and set priorities for dealing with the flow of information. Some information is not necessary.This is scenarios where the information is difficult to handle. When formulating business messages, one should channelize both as a representative of an association and as an individual. There must adjustment of style and ideas so that they are acceptable to your manager. In reality, a person is asked occasi onally to write or say something that you disagree with personally, some communicators finds difficult.Communicators are regularly faced With messages that struggle for attention. To overcome competition barriers, avoid qualification demands on a receiver who doesnt have the time to pay careful attention to your message. Make written messages visually attractive and easy to understand, and try to leave them when your recipient has time to read them. Oral messages are most efficient when you can speak straight to your receiver. Also, be sure to set aside seemly time for significant messages that you receive. Business messages rarely have the benefit of the audiences full and undivided attention.workforce of low status may be too cautious when sending messages to managers and may talk only about subjects they think the manager has interest in. likewise, higher-status people may deform messages by

Wall street journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Wall street journal - Essay Examplemarket plowshare as well as attempt to keep the sales in China rolling if the company is to be able to attain its goal of selling eighter million units. Both the two company executives will continue to the companys Chief Executive Mark Fields (Ramsey, 2014).Since his appointment to operations in 2010, Mr. Odell has been instrumental in crafting a restricting effort that has resulted in an 18% reduction the companys operating capacity as well as the closure of three plants in a region where the closure of plants is acknowledged to be rather difficult. Although Fords European sales and market share are noted to be up this year, of concern is that the decline of the Russian economy has largely prevented the company from earning any revenue in that country.Mr. Farley who is considered as Mr. Mulallys first major hire was brought into the company in 2006 and has since been crucial in effecting Fords turnaround. He is reputed as having helped in pushing the move by Ford to sell some of the relatively pricier vehicle versions such as the Titanium time line. He is also recognized as having played a major role in improving the companys involvement in social media and a range of other nontraditional marketing avenues earlier this became commonplace across the entire industry. The swap is expected to help both company executives to significantly broaden their experience (Ramsey, 2014).Ramsey (2014) also points out that according to analysts, it is conception that there was a push by Mr. Farley try and do something else. This is because the issue in Europe has been identified as being not so some(prenominal) as bout marketing as Ford has a relatively strong market presence in that region. It is primarily about the market. This does not baseborn that Mr. Farley will not be able to succeed, however Europe has been an extremely difficult place.Although the European restructuring designed by Mr. Odell is

International communication and negotiation Term Paper

International communication and negotiation - Term Paper Examplefor negotiations through taking into consideration the kind of differences, which occur across these two different cultures, as hearty as pointing out likely pitfalls of lack of awareness to cultural factors.This two groups fall under Monochronic timers. The opt for prompt stars and ends to a meeting, they value breaks and deal with one item at a time (Weldon and Jehn 388). They depend on specific, exclusive and open communication and choose to talk in sequence. Their main difference comes with the focus on the future, present or past. Americans tend to focus more on the present and near-future, but Indonesians rigorously negotiate on long-term future goals (Adler 98). Also, there is space orientations when it comes to comparing the American and Indonesian culture. This has to do with territory, comfortable personal distance, division between domain and private, comfort with physical touch and eye contact, as well as expectation concerning how and where contact will take place (Adler 98). It is an American etiquette that when you meet someone, do not stand too close to them as they deem it annoying to the other individual, thus maintain your physical distance. In Indonesia, women are always visual perception holding hands with other women as they talk , but not men (Adler 102). Also, when it comes to eye contact, maintaining eye contact with an American is considered as sign of endurance and assurance, but when it comes to Indonesians, looking down while talking to someone is considered as a sign of respect (Lederach 65). Furthermore, wondering your eyes from the person you are negotiating with in American is deemed as a sign of embarrassment or disagreement.American negotiators are more inclined to depend on personal values, imagining self, as well as others, as independent, autonomous and self-reliant (Graham 19). This does not imply that they do not consider consulting, but the likelihood t o perceive self as classify instead of a member of a network or web means that more

Strategic management. Current strategic structure for Qantas airline Essay

Strategic management. Current strategic structure for Qantas air duct - Essay ExampleThe company is an award winner for being in the lead 6 airlines in the world for the past 5 consecutive years.The in flight entertainment and wine list have overly won it many awards.Qantas Chief Executive Officer Alan Joyce has outstanding leadership experience in airlines and,therefore,understands the operation relatively well. Qantas has a strong governance structure and board which includes individuals with a wide range of experiences. The airline also operates a range of businesses that include baggage handling, check in and passenger lounges. It also operates Qantas catering that runs two businesses flicker Fresh, a big manufacturer of frozen meats and other, different meal components Q catering this is premium catering businesses. Q catering operates 7 centers across Australia and also sells to other airlines. It also supplies about four million bottles of the countrys wine. The airline h as interests in the Singapore firm Holiday Tours and Travel. The airline merged with Jet set in July 2008, to create Jet set Travel World, where Qantas breezeline owns 58 percent. Qantas program, frequent flyer, is another business with 15 million members. The program supplied over 450000 award seats on the program partner airlines. Qantas engineering runs a large maintenance and repair business that has earned the tag of being the best for their safety records. The airline also operates a holiday travel business. Qantas airline is a well branded airline as the spirit of Australia, and it has a number of outstanding accredited TV advertisements on this theme. Domestically, it is a well supported full service airline and in the Global travel as the Australian airline. The airline has electrostatic managed to be among the worlds most profitable airlines. However, in mid 2009 the profits became predicted to fall by 100 million. In response to this financial crisis Qantas airline has grounded decided to ground 10 aircraft, and has also informed Boeing that it will defer its orders for the 737-14 version of the aircraft and also a delay for the delivery of the new 15, 787 Dream liners. The decisions taken by the outgoing CEO George Dixon, to save money, has affected the airline both negatively and positively. He improved the bottom line but destroyed the trading operations of the Qantas engineers and the baggage handlers. British airways and Qantas airline underwent a number of merger talks in the late 2008. The benefits of this merger was the economies of scale pass in the buying and short of the aircraft, joint frequent flyer scheme and also, the joint IT scheme. However, problems in negotiations proved that the merger would not proceed, and the Qantas executives claimed to be looking for mergers with other airlines. The downsizing of the airline direct to a number of strikes by the airline engineers and the baggage handlers. The CEO decision to outsource about 7000 of the airline employees became unwelcome (Hanson, 2010). This number of strikes have cost the airline lost revenue as more than 300 flights had to be cancelled during the period of the standoff between the management unions and the management board. During this period, Qantas airline lost Air New Zealand, which transitioned out of its maintenance contract with the airline, and opted to use the Cathay Pacific maintenance people. The strikes have proven fact that the Qantas airline workforce got well nonpolar and aggressive in the defense of their working conditions. Corporate and Business Strategy using the Balanced Score Board I have recommended the intensive system that includes market penetration, market development and market development. Due to the nature of the industry the strategy is best for the company to survive. Market penetration should be implemented when the present market becomes not saturated, the rate of the current customers can be increased, and sal es in the industry are increasing. In market penetration, the number of the sales mortal gets increased, increasing

Project Outline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Project Outline - Essay ExampleEverything becomes meaningless without a vision. Therefore, one has to devote his time and effort in order to make his vision a reality. Vision drives people to take action and move forward. A leader has to realize his unique vision and aim all his activities in attaining it.Effectiveness of leadership is all about doing much and talking less. More often, people are more affected by what they tally than what they hear. Therefore, one has to choose actions and stop wasting peoples precious time on cheap talks about his intentions and plansOne cannot lead in a vacuum. Leadership is all about influencing, communicating and engaging. The basis of effective leadership is communication skills. Therefore, it is imperative to communicate with people as this will supply amazing results.Personality has an effect on all aspects of an employee performance. Not every personality is fit for every position thus it is advisable to recognize discordant personality t raits and group employees according to what theyre capable of doing best. This results in job satisfaction, motivation and increased productivity, thus helping the organization to work more effectively and master its goals and objectives.Intrinsic Motivators- these are motivators that originate from within without any external influence e.g. hunger and sleep. Nobody creates these motivations since you already have them and forms part and parcel of the human universeExtrinsic Motivators these motivators originate from an external environment, and they tend to control individual behavior. Nobody is born with these factors for instance, yearning for money, prices, and praise and good

Eco-friendly textile production Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Eco-friendly textile production - Research Paper ExampleThe materials used in the making are very organic ranging from the material and dye to the buttons. The jeans are also called organic because the cotton used to contain them is grown used organic means and is mainly grown in areas without recover to these chemical fertilizers (Natural Choices, 2006, para. 4). Areas include West Africa where cotton is grown naturally with the conventional means of crop rotation.The creation was motivated by the choices made by consumers in regard to environmental impact. As a result, the line was launched despite facing challenges. Organic cotton is more expensive when compared to industrial cotton and, therefore, the company cannot make more of the jeans. Due to these factors, the textiles have a much higher price tag as compared to conventionally made ones.In addition, the Levis jeans manufacturers have interpreted into account the plight of farmers who participate in the production of cotto n. By doing this, the farmers from solely depend on cotton farming for a living have an chance to improve their ways of living (Natural Choices, 2006, para. 5). This is through having the company buy their products from them at the appropriate price for the trouble they have gone trough and for the quality they provide. This overcomes unsporting trade practices that certain countries impose, which, in turn, compromise on the quality of life for these farmers.Levis jeans company has created a way to instruct the consumer on how to take business organization of their products. This is by using recycled paper to print instruction using soy ink (Dunn, 2006, para. 1). In addition, the instructions are not just on how to fairish but to clean them with lesser environmental impact and a message on recycling. Moreover, the recycling message encourages consumers to donate their worn out jeans to Goodwill than moderate them out (Levi Strausse & Co., n.d., para.1). To be more eco friendly, the company is removing the need for tags attached to

Public Safety and Privacy Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Public Safety and Privacy Analysis - Essay ExampleBack in the 1970s the peremptory Court tackled in the case of Roe v. Wade the issues of pregnancy and even abortion as occult matters (Chaiten, 2004). Today, however, the shift is on making the aspects of private acres as pertinent concerns of the state, especially when it comes to the issue of public safety.In the case of People v. Samson, the court ruled upon the rightlys of a parolee. The facts of the case focus on the figure between the parolee and a police officer. It was September 6, 2002 police officer Alex Rohleder, while patrolling, saw and recognized the parolee Donald Curtis Samson whom he heard from his colleagues as having a parolee at large warrant. Rohleder approached and inquired. Samson declared that he was then in good standing with his parole agent. All the same, police officer Rohleder decided to exile a search and justified the said search by claiming that as a parolee, there is a need to make sure that Sams on obeys the laws and rules. It is a mere privilege that Samson has been set out of prison and he will be discharged Samson if he has nothing illegal. in that location is actually a condition on Samsons parole that grants any officer the right to search at any time whether or not there is a warrant. This is a valid condition and it is utilise to all parolees in the State of California. The police officer found cigarette box and discovered a plastic foundation with methamphetamine. Samson was arrested. Samson filed a motion to suppress evidence, but this was denied. He was convicted and sentenced to imprisonment. He appealed before the Court of Appeals which affirmed the validity of the parole search.Analysis There are some situations and events that people undergo at present that are claimed to justify the interference of the state into what used to be purely private matters. This butt be attributed to the onset of globalization and the too many changes it has brought to the soc iety. It is a fact that most of the crimes committed today are those that goes beyond what the public can right away see. Some people are molested, harmed and harassed, even if there is no physical contact because of the internet and computer technology. Also, the terrorism that the whole world was competent to witness in September 11, 2001 has left many people constantly paranoid of their safety in the public and in their homes. Evidently, these events called for the sudden reshaping of state laws and policies. These excessively prompted the need to shift paradigms and for the state to pry into the private realm to reveal any bad intent that may cause damage to the public.To many people, the school principal still remains. Who shall delineate the line on what remains private and what is public when the need arises Who shall say that the government can intervene in most private decisions an individual or household shall make (Chaiten, 2004) How shall every private individual be a ssured that the rule of law will constantly be implemented and that the inquiry into the public realm is justified This cannot go unresolved as people have witnessed how tendency to abuses and prejudices can harm a small pattern of people out there.The State is inviolable. Its general principles lie in serving the people that constitute it. Yet, it remains as a mere legal concept. Its

Cosmetic mutilation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cosmetic mutilation - Research Paper ExampleThis is contrary of things since a good number of spate have tattooed their bodies. They are not afraid of the reparations during the judgment day. Also they are not into the teachings of the Bible. All they want is to live their own life that they feel satisfied with regardless of the Christian teachings and morals. This clearly shows that peck have parted Christianity and fallen into paganism.It might be true that paganism has highly boosted cosmetic mutilation but when it comes to America, it is the contrary of things. American people engaged themselves into cosmetic mutilation so as to look unalike from one another. Others could tattoo their bodies because they didnt like the way they were looking (Spangler 98). Since a lot of people in America considered tattoos as beautiful drawings of art, they could do anything to make their bodies more attractive than before and most probably, they could tattoo their bodies. According to LDS re search, about 64% of women and 50% of men in the United States were not pleased or rather were not satisfied with their own bodies. They had a negative perspective of their bodies. This forces them to do some art drawings on their bodies. Something that makes them feels so attractive than before. Consequently, this hot trend has become so common in the United States. It implies that, cosmetic mutilation has become a ethnical habit within the people of America.Cosmetic mutilation started a long time ago. Almost 12000 years before the birth of Christ. It had so many significances in different societies both before and after the deathof Christ. United States military used to tattoo their inmates so as to differentiate them from others. Before they adopted this idea of practicing cosmetic mutilation, in the earlier 1720s, the military used to chop off ears and noses from the criminals as a sign of physical punishment. This was

Porters Five Forces to Analyze the Competitive Environment in which Essay

Porters Five Forces to Analyze the Competitive Environment in which Ryanair operates Bargaining Power of Suppliers - Essay shellThe customers of Ryanair are putting on them a lot of collective pressure so that they can lower the travel expenses and improve the quality of their airline services. The customers associated with Ryanair are enjoying a lavishlyer bargaining power since switching to other airlines with better services is precise easy with little or no costs. In the causal agent of Ryanair, the substitutes for their transport systems include railways, sea transport, and road transport and any strategy by them poses a threat to Ryanair profitability. However, Ryanair is still able to operate at a lower cost, leading to lower cost of services that attract more customers. The threat of new entrants in this industry is relatively low due to high costs involved in the initial stages of the business set up that many cannot afford. Economics of scale can only be enjoyed by wi de players like Ryanair and this makes other possible investors be scared away (OCuilleannain, Falle, Sobokta, Kleinert, Chassart, Farrell, 2004). There is also difficulty in gaining access to distribution channels that poses a prohibition to new entrants. Since the airline industry is highly fragmented, competition is very high leading to low returns. In order to survive, Ryanair is constantly coming up with unusual business models in order to outweigh their competitors and make reasonable profits. Ryanair is luck since it is based in Europe whereby European Union is a complete persistent political region that provides a good environment for business to thrive. The integration of the European Union has provided an opportunity for this airline industry to expand its operations very swiftly without hurdles (Muller, 2011). The operations of Ryanair are also affected by the OPEC since its an organization that determines the fuel prices that Ryanair operates on.

Identifying Fallacies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Identifying Fallacies - Essay ExampleIn this regard, a rosy picture of Iraq is painted so as to hide the fact that armed battle was going on in that country.The use of the words brutal, calculating and instructive already suggests prejudice. These biased equipment casualty are used so as to justify to the American public and persuade people to positively perceive the Administrations decision to wage a war on Iraq.One of the programming companies, which develops anti-virus for computers, came up with an internet advertisement that shows all the files in your computer being deleted when one clicks an OK button on a pop-up screen.Weve also seen images of a young American facing decapitation. This vile display shows a contempt for all rules of warfare. - President George W. Bush (Remarks by the President on Iraq and War on Terror, 2004)In his speech, President Bush painted images of an American being decapitated. In this regard, he rouses the public to feel pity for the young American and at the same time provokes anger so that the people will feel the urge to fight back.An example is given by Freeman (1987) in The Courier-Journal wherein Barry Schweid of the Associated Press generated a report from a group from Stanford University that claimed to find diminutive proof of cheating by the Soviet Union on arms control-treaties. This challenges to delusive authority, which in this case is the group from Stanford University, a highly prominent organization. The credibility of the reports and validity of claims are established only because its was produced by a team from an common ivy League school 2.4. Appeal to BandwagonWhy should you feel guilty for seeking your own happiness when thats what everyone else is doing - Harry Browne (The Unselfish Trap)This statement is clearly an appeal to bandwagon because it justifies the correctness of an action to the perception that everyone is doing the same. 2.5. Appeal to PrejudiceThese elements of Saddams repressive regime and secret police have reorganized, rearmed and adopted sophisticated terrorist tactics. Theyve linked up with inappropriate fighters and terrorists - President George W. Bush (Remarks by the President on Iraq and War on Terror, 2004)This statement aims to discredit Saddams group by bringing up its linkage to unconnected fighters and terrorists. The problem is no sufficient evidence is presented to support the soundness of the claim. Note that the primary reason of US invasion of Iraq is the presence of weapons of mass destruction as proven by intelligence report. However, these other issues are also brought up to appeal to

IBM Research Topic Essay Example for Free

IBM Research Topic Es pleadMission Statement-Suitability for IBMThe relegationary post statement of IBM is competent for the organization, and that not exactly because it sufficiently refers to the features a mission statement must have, but also because it expresses a spirit of success, teamwork and customer consideration, a spirit that only big companies can generate.Mission Statement-Strengths and weaknessesThough much important a mission stetement is, it can develop many strengths and weaknesses regarding mostly the customers of a fellowship, the workforce and its sh beholders. These ternion groups of people constitute a larger framework of groups, which has a legitimate interest in the fortunes of a company, the stakeholders of a company.Customers-StrengthsIn the market of info technology, customers allow for transport the most advance information technology from a company in order to fulfill their needs. Customers will also demand a malleable range of products a nd services (after sales service) to suit their needs. By reading the mission statement of IBM it is more than visible that the company fulfills these demands and provides strengths to its customers (we strive to lead in the mental hospital and manufacture of the diligences most advance information technologies, we translate these advance technologies into value for our customers through our professional solutions and services worldwide). Generally the mission statement of IBM expresses a spirit of marketing orientation, and customer devotiation.Customers-WeaknessesIt is extremeny difficult to pinpoint any weaknesses regarding customers generated from the mission statement of IBM, since the companys mission statement expresses a spirit of marketing orientation and customer service (we translate these advanced technologies into value for our customers through our professional solutions and services worldwide). However one could say that extremely high technology and development mig ht create such a specialisation that may lead to non-user friendly products, which would not sufficiently distribute the needs of the customers. This could be encountered as a weakness.Workforce-StrengthsThe workforce of a company will expect to operate in a friendly and teamwork enviroement, in which opportunities for education and career development will be given. The mission statement of IBM complies with these expectations, and so provides strengths to the workforce. Since the product line of IBM is highly technologically advanced (development and manufacture of the industrys most advance information technologies) the workforce of IBM will have the opportunity of being trained and having developed their career in the future. Apart from this, the mission statement itself expresses the team spirit that exist in IBM and is being expected from the workforce (At IBM, we strive to lead in creation..Workforce-WeaknessesApart from the strengths that are generated from the mission stat ement of IBM a few weaknesses can also arise. By reading the mission statement of IBM you can easily observe the tense the company has to invest in the development of the company (technology, services) in order to lead in creation, development and manufacture of the industrys most advance information technologies and so to serve by a more fruitfull way the needs of its customers. This however can have a negative impact on some expectations of the workforce. Employees might expect some profits of the company to be given for the use of raising wages rather than investing for the development of the company. Employees might expect shorter working hours and more standardised products and services. The non-confrontation of these expectations can be considered as weaknesses.

Critical evaluation - John Steinbeck-Of Mice and Men and Robert Ludlum-The Bourne Identity Essay Example for Free

Critical evaluation gutter Steinbeck-Of Mice and Men and Robert Ludlum-The frontier individuality EssayThrough the history of man mathematicians, philosophers, teachers, and scientists have wrought and shaped our world. These men and women, young and old, are responsible for the continually growing knowledge in to daylights youth. Upon studying the most influential educators, it was proven that writers and authors sustain every element of the society we live love, passion, romance, adventure, drama, science fiction, and non-fiction. All of these categories exist for only one purpose, to entertain the minds who absorb the material. Entertaining authors make an turf outional story and none other than Robert Ludlum and flush toilet Steinbeck accomplish this feat better.In order to further understand these authors thirst to provide edge-of-the-seat entertainment, their quondam(prenominal) and present must be explored. Although these authors lived in two diverse locations, th eir driving desire for knowledge appears the same. Ludlum and Steinbeck attended college after high school, majoring in English. afterwards graduating from Salinas High School in 1919, Steinbeck attended Stanford University from 1920-1925. two years after Steinbeck left to pursue his writing career in New York, Robert Ludlum was born on May 25, 1927. Ludlum was educated privately and at the Chesire Academy, Connecticut. After appearing is school theatricals, he acted in the comedy Junior Miss on Broadway at the age of sixteen. His degree includes B.A., Wesleyan University, Middlet admit, 1951.Having never graduated from Stanford University, Steinbecks animateness for the most part was low profile even after the publishing of his first books, Cup of Gold (1929), The Pastures of Heaven and To a God Unknown, which were all inadequately acknowledged by the literary world. Tortilla Flat (1935) was the noniceable turning point in Steinbecks literary career receiving the California Co mmonwealth Clubs Gold Medal for outdo reinvigorated. Steinbeck continued writing, and The Grapes of Wrath (1939) won him the Pulitzer Prize. The Nobel Prize was awarded to seat Steinbeck for belles-lettres in 1962 for his realistic as well as imaginative writings, distinguished by a sympathetic humor and a keen social perception. 1 Twenty-nine Academy Award nominations and four Academy Awards were given for revision of John Steinbecks stories.Literature lost one of its most accomplished and distinguished writers on December 20, 1968, in New York City John Steinbeck died at the age of 66. However, on a more(prenominal) positive note, New York City was also the place where literature bore Robert Ludlum. Ludlum can be described as a modern day author. He is a well-known author writing twenty-one novels and selling over 290 million books in thirty-two different languages. Ludlum started his literary career relatively late beca purpose he was working in1. Mobel Lectures literature 1901-4967the theatre as an actor and producer. One of the primary reasons Ludlum is such a suspenseful writer is due to the fact that he was born in an age where movies grabbed the attention of the public eye. In the 1950s, Ludlum worked as a distributor point and television actor. After producing 300 stage productions for New York and regional theatre, Ludlum wrote his first novel, The Scarlatti Inheritance (1971). Few writers are able to grasp global attention using unbelievable plots that spin into engrossing tales.John Steinbeck and Robert Ludlum are comparable writers. These two authors are very accomplished and their novels reputations speak for themselves. John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men and Robert Ludlums The Bourne Identity are the focus of this evaluation. Their works typify literary techniques that contribute to theme. The central theme in Of Mice and Men written by John Steinbeck human deals are constantly controlled by outside forces. The techniques he uses for ex ample repetition and symbolism are extremely successful in getting across his very cynical views on this theme. Similar techniques are employ in Robert Ludlums The Bourne Identity. Uniquely writing many of Ludlums techniques are present in his writing, but the reader is too engrossed in the story to discern them. However, Ludlum writes meticulously in his story plots. When evaluated, the reader can distinguish that repetition and symbolism are also used as literary techniques that contribute to theme.Steinbeck and Ludlum use the technique of repetition to effectively build up the climax of the tragedy. In Of Mice and Men, Lennie unintentionally killed his mouse when petting it. This situation repeats itself further in the novel when slim down gives Lennie a puppy. When playing with the animal, Lennie gave the puppy a disciplining thump for biting him and he killed it. An incident, such as this, will be the downfall of George and Lennie. Near the end of the novel, Lennie strokes C urleys wifes hair.He holds too tightly and she gets frightened. Lennie was in a panic. 2 Climaxing, he attempts to quiet her, Dont you go yellin, he said, and he shook her, and her body flopped like a fish. And and then she was still, for Lennie had broken her neck. 2 The repetition of unintentional death foreshadows a negative outcome for Lennie, his sealed fate. This action brought upon his own murder by George who shot him in the back of the head out of mercy for everything else that was weak and helpless. In this act of violence, George would not be considered a murderer, in fact, quite the opposite. George, instead, would be deemed a big H because he did Lennie a favor.2. Steinbeck 91The Bourne Identity uses repetition in a similar fashion. The central character Jason Bourne faces memory loss, crippling him from discovering his dead on target identity. His instincts and intelligence help guide him. The quote You are not helpless. You will find your way. 3 is repeated on seve ral occasions, which foreshadows success on Jasons behalf. Jasons rhetorical behavior when faced with stressful and difficult situations ends in same violent manner. Bourne grabbed the Frenchman in front of him now, his left arm around the mans throat, his right mess tearing at the mans left ear. 4 Without thinking, Jason reacts to the situation with poise and precision. Jasons rhetorical skills evoke his memory enough to enable him to think and act on his own to avoid death or capture. Whenever you observe a stress-and you have the time-do your damndest to project into it. Associate as freely as you can let words and images alter your mind. In them you may find clues.5 This quote is nearly repeated again, Whenever youre in a stress situation-and theres time, of course-do exactly as you would when you project yourself into one youre observing. allow your mind fall free, let whatever thoughts and images that surface come cleanly. Try not to exercise any mental discipline. Be a spo nge press on everything and nothing. Specifics may come to you, certain repressed conduits electricity prodded into functioning. 6 except there is added tactics, which suggests that Jason is constantly learning. Through repetition Jason persistently advances his skills to obtain his past by varying his appearance, Change your hairyou change your face.7 Soon after his skills advanced, Jason learned that his real name is David Webb who turns out as a young utmost East scholar. Webb received a new identity from the Central intelligence (CIA) as Jason Bourne, a black ops agent. His primary objective was to kill Carlos, other cold more advanced assassin, but was betrayed. As the plot twists, the CIA has given Jason quite a few hoops to jump through for his own survival. The climax builds to this finical moment in the novel, when Jason reverses the situation and uses the training the CIA gave him to kill the assassin Carlos. The climax appears to have truth because not only has Jason stopped being on the justificative side of this live or die game, but also his proficient skills have drawn him to his past profession to kill or be killed fate. The meddling CIA has lost control of Bourne however he is drawn back to his past line of work, which could result in death, so he ultimately loses. It could be said that Jason Bourne was born to be a professional assassin under anyones control.3. Ludlum 39, 43, 834. Ludlum 645. Ludlum 506. Ludlum 827. Ludlum 116, 161Another technique that demonstrates John Steinbecks view of fate is the symbolism. Near the end of the novel, A watersnake glided smoothly up the pool, twisting its periscope head from side to side, and it swam the length of the pool and came to the legs of a motionless bomber that stood in the shallows. A silent head and beak lanced down and plucked it out by the head, and the beak swallowed the little snake while its tail waved frantically. 8 The heron, stationary and patient, symbolizes fate, while the wa tersnake, vulnerable and unaware, its victim. The watersnake would most likely symbolize George. Not only does the Heron symbolize fate, it also symbolizes Lennie the burden to their dream.Steinbeck illustrates his view on fate once more by word choice. Words like lanced, plucked, and waiting suggest that Steinbeck believes that fate strikes assertively and specifically. Similarly, Robert Ludlum uses symbolism to project the same idea. Symbolism appears not as evident as repetition however, present nonetheless. The CIA seems to be the entity or government corporation that symbolizes fate. Every element in the novel can be drawn back to something that the CIA has caused. Ludlum and Steinbeck believe fate to be all the same. In Ludlums case, the CIAs intricate plans and organized operations parallel Steinbecks idea that fate acts in the same manner, assertively and specifically.Of Mice and Men and The Bourne Identity are literally written in identical fashions. Steinbeck and Ludlum us e character driven dialogue to tell the story. The point-of-views flip-flop amidst first individual (the main characters) and third person (the narrator). The first person prospective uniquely projects to the reader each of the character thoughts and actions. The first person prospective gives a clear understanding of what exactly will happen, without all of the excess narration. However, the narration does an excellent job in describing the setting among other elements, such as flow between events. The events or chapters are present in both novels. Ludlum uses three books within his novel along with thirty five chapters because The Bourne Identity is far longer than the six chapters Of Mice and Men.This technique is apparent for the sole purpose of changing locations in the story with ease in The Bourne Identity Jason and his companion travel to different countries, and in Of Mice and Men the only change of location appears within the town and ranch. These two books were written very similarly. Both switched between first and third person depending on what the best way to tell the story was. By changing point of views, Ludlum and Steinbeck were able to develop their themes more thoroughly. The technique of changing perspectives allowed the reader to identify with the main characters, but at the same time, know vital information that would be needed to understand the story.8. Steinbeck 99Robert Ludlum and John Steinbeck are exceptional authors. There novels The Bourne Identity and Of Mice and Men, respectively, have Robert Lattas praise. Woohoo, right? There are more positive, than negative, statements to be discussed. Particularly, Ludlums story is far more matter to than Steinbecks. The plot and characters all are attention getters. The idea that a man with no memory has instincts that are above any normal man, and has answers to every question, except his name, is fascinating. The only downfall to Ludlums work appears to be the length of his novel, five hundred some odd pages, that turns out to be a lot of reading time.Steinbecks novel length however, fits the taste well, only one hundred some pages. The olden story in Steinbecks novel, gets negative feedback because its entire plot stimulated nothing more than closing eye lids. Praising the literary device of repetition, this gave some indication that what was being read over again would prove useful in collection a critical evaluation essay. The repetition also forces the information into your brain, meaning it holds significance. Moreover, the theme portrayed among these two novels had some relevance with our current lives, which also served another purpose to reading them Overall, the novels ended up balancing one another. A positive recommendation can be made for both these novels because something can be learned.WORKS CITEDLectures, Mobel. The Nobel Prize in Literature 1962. online http//www.nobel.se/literature/laureates/1962/press.htmlLudlum, Robert. The Bourne Identity. N ew York Richard Marek, 1975Steinbeck, John. Of Mice and Men. New York Penguin Books, 1978